Over the past decade, the restaurant industry in the country of Spiessa has experienced unprecedented growth.

Argument

Over the past decade, the restaurant industry in the country of Spiessa has experienced unprecedented growth.  This surge can be expected to continue in the coming years, fueld by recent social changes: personal incomes are rising, more leisure time is available, single-person households are more common, and people have a greater interest in gourmet food, as evidenced by a proliferation of publications on the subject. 

Answer

While the author argues that growth of restaurant industry in Spiessa seems to be lasting in next year due to some social changes, some significant factors should be considered are omitted. Since statistical data is unavailable, and social changes mentioned cannot be unconditionally concluded as the industry's expansion, this argument needs to be more sophisticated. 

To begin with, statistical evidence, though the author states that rise of incomes, more leisure time, and the number of households with a single contributes to restaurant growth, is not mentioned.  Without specific data with reasoning of statistical method, it has be doubted its validity.  For example, this argument based on a statistical data may come from a questionnaire applied to only 1% of population in the country, which is really not enough to conclude tendency and trend.  According to the author, personal incomes are rising, people have more leisure time, and living alone is more common but they have to be proven majority of generations in Spiessa has same trend by showing how the author has led out this supporting content. 

Another point to be tackled with is that those social changes cannot always be led to boost the restaurant industry.  More income and more leisure time may make people have more oversea trip, single households may buy more lunch packs at a grocery, or more gourmet publication may be caused by severe competition among magazine companies to get more subscribers from ordinary citizens without any typical hobby.  To connect reasoning of social changes and conclusion of restaurant's increase, the author must analyze what roles each social change takes for more restaurants trend. 

In conclusion, the author's argument misses several significant explanations such as statistical evidence to strengthen social changes mentioned and detail analysis of how each social change works out to restaurant's growth.  If those points are well addressed within the article, the author can be more convincing with his idea.

Neither stronger ethics regulations nor stronger enforcement mechanisms are necessary to ensure ethical behavior by companies doing business with this department.

Argument

Neither stronger ethics regulations nor stronger enforcement mechanisms are necessary to ensure ethical behavior by companies doing business with this department.  We already have a code of ethics that companies doing business with this department are urged to abide by, and virtually all of these companies have agreed to follow it.  We also know that the code is relevant to the current business environment because it was approved within the last year, and in direct response to specific violations committed by companies with which we were then working–not in abstract anticipation of potential violations, as so many such codes are.  

Answer

The author's argument that no stronger regulation and no enforcement are needed to keep companies legal has some critical flaws caused by omitting several important factors.  As following, the argument should include how effective the current code was since last year, what the specific violation that the current regulation referred to is, and what kind of illegal activity is frequently committed.  

To begin with, there is no explanation about how illegal cases are decreased since the current regulation.  According to the author, the current code, which the argument declares effectiveness since its relevance to specific case, was approved within last year to fit modern business environment.  If the code is effective enough to prevent companies from committing violations, there should be some comparison of data showing how environment has been changed before and after the current code.  

Additionally, the author failed to define what case the current code was referred to when it was set force.  The argument mentions that the code was responded to specific violations committed by companies in the past.  However, without knowing what cases or activities were referred to, it is difficult for everyone to determine whether the code is strong enough not to add other ones as the author states.  

Furthermore, those violations frequently committed should be discussed when the code was taken effect even if it was relevant to some specific recent cases because the reference cases cannot be always a benchmark that companies usually or commonly violate.  For example, if the reference cases were complex structure of fraud deals in stock exchange market among security companies and investment banks, no one can be sure that the current code can keep companies away from illegal actions because the reference is very specific and occurred in a specific industry.  

As mentioned above, the argument still omits showing some significant factors to consider such as comparison of business environment before and after the current code, specific cases that the code referred to, and frequent and common cases that companies have committed.  Being convincing requires to address all possible aspects that the argument could reach to.  

Two of today's best-selling brands of full-strength prescription medication for the relief of excess stomach acid, Acid-Ease and Pepticaid, are now available in milder nonprescription form.

Argument

Two of today's best-selling brands of full-strength prescription medication for the relief of excess stomach acid, Acid-Ease and Pepticaid, are now available in milder nonprescription form.  Doctors have written 76 millions more prescriptions for full-strength Pepticaid.  So people who need an effective but milder nonscription medication for he relief of excess stomach acid should choose Acid-Ease.  

Answer

The argument that, in milder nonscription form, Acid-Ease is better chosen for excess stomach acid symptom than Pepticaid has not well discussed about several significant aspects.  To be more convincing, the author of statement should provide and prove following topics.  

Most obviously,  The author lacks explaining why more sales of full-strength Pepticaid mean Acid-Ease is better than Peptocaid in nonprescription form.  The more number of prescription in full-strength Pepticaid than Acid-Ease does not indicate that Acid-Ease is preferable in nonprescription form.  Full-strength Pepticaid might have been sold more than Acid-Ease because it might be cheaper or more available than Acid-Ease. The author should clarify why Acid-Ease in nonprescription form is supported by a fact that Pepticaid has been prescribed 76 millions more than Acid-Ease.  

Furthermore, there is no reason why Acid-Ease is better in nonprescription form than Pepticaid.  Pepticaid could be even more effective than Acid-Ease to excess amount of stomach acid or could be even more affordable than Acid-Ease.  To convince more readers of this argument, objective comparison of Pepticaid and Acid-Ease with their price, availability, and effectiveness must be concerned.   

Finally, the author omits considering other rivals of nonprescription drug for excess stomach acid.  Even though Pepticaid and Acid-Ease are top two best selling ones in prescription form for stomach acid, there could already be a giant in nonprescription form drug for stomach.  Best selling model in prescription form does not directly lead to be best one in nonprescription form.  The author must consider other models already existing in nonprescription form.  

In conclusion, this argument still needs to develop itself in order to be more sound.  Analyzing why Pepticaid has been prescribed much more than Acid-Ease, comparison between Pepticaid and Acid-Ease, and research of other drugs already expanding in nonprescription form should be addressed in this article.  

Laziness blocks my way; Business cannot be an excuse

Although this blog was started to achieve GMAT score at some certain level for my MBA degree, it has been almost a month any new post comes up.  I need to improve time management first, even before GMAT and English.

Reporting about my recent life; I am transferred to a new department where I become a sales person with some electronic devices and equipments.  The first mission, which allegedly starts on October, is going to proceed claims and complaints coming from customers due to technical failure, measurement defect, and damaged appearance.  Yet it is not an international position.  Mostly, I boost sales activity to domestic companies. Oh my god, hope I don't need to be a typical old sales person who needs to keep accompanied with customers as if I am like a slave of them.

Along with this transfer, I will move to Tokyo to live in.  Who is NOT happy to come to Tokyo? It's me!! I'm not interested in such a huge city where people are crowded, train is full, and traffic is heavy. But anyway, my life starts in one of the biggest city in this earth.

ALL I NEED IS TIME TO STUDY. OTHERWISE, I FAIL MY LIFE PLAN! BE STRONG!

It is no longer cost-effective for the Perks Company to continue offering its employees a generous package of benefits and incentives year after year.

Argument;

It is no longer cost-effective for the Perks Company to continue offering its employees a generous package of benefits and incentives year after year.  In periods when national unemployment rates are low, Perks may need to offer such a package in order to attract and keep good employees, but since national unemployment rates are now high, Perks does not need to offer the same benefits and incentives.  The money thus saved could be better used to replace the existing plant machinery with more technologically sophisticated equipment, or even to build an additional plant. 

Answer; 

The argument that Perks Company should stop generous benefit package for its employees and purchase technologically developed equipment omits some significant factors that must be addressed.  Those critical failures on assumptions crucially make this argument weakened.  There are three main points to be tackled with this problem. 

Primarily, the author's conclusion is based on the idea that a more sophisticated plant machine progresses Perks Company.  However, the argument does not mention about productivity of each plant of existing one and new one.  Whenever a new facility is installed, productivity and cost-effectiveness must be analyzed because it is possible that existing equipment, even if it is old, works enough to cover requirement that Perks Company needs.  New equipment even takes employees in Perks Company some time to get used to its operation; therefore productivity in entire of Perks Company gets decreased.  Why the existing plant needs to be replaced is not specified. 

Another issue ignored by the author is actual national unemployment rates.  Although the argument says that welfare package Perks Company offers to its employees should be adjusted, or even canceled when unemployment rates are low, along with fluctuation of national unemployment rates, at what rates can be benchmarks to determine when to adjust welfare package.  Foe example, if current unemployment rates are at 5.5% while it was just 5% a month ago, what decision does Perks Company make?  Is 0.5% difference big enough to see the situation as a good opportunity to hire highly skilled employees?  The author must explain what percentage of national unemployment rates is recognized high, or low. 

Finally, the assumption that Perks Company can employ employees with high skills at where national unemployment rates are high is not the case.  For example, those graduates from Harvard or Stanford are usually still employed in the recession, or even some of them run their own company instead of being an employee.  Besides, preference of treatment including salary and benefits are different among each employee.  Some workers may want to have incentive upon his sales record while others may ask for stable salary and adequate benefit package.  Since unemployment rates are high, it is not sure that Perks Company can hire highly educated employees who usually go to a bigger or more famous company. 

In conclusion, the argument in current form is not convincing.  More information is needed in order to better evaluate validity of the author's claim.  To begin with, need of replacement of the plant equipment is not specified enough to determine the new one is going to be better.  Also, benchmarks of unemployment rates must be defined to decide when is the good timing to try hiring highly profiled employees.  Finally, the author must takes tendency of highly skilled employees' preference to get hired such as salary or benefits.  Before any conclusion is made, every possible factor must be analyzed.

A recent review of the West Cambria volunteer ambulance service revealed a longer average response time to accident than was reported by a commercial ambulance squad located in East Cambria.

Argument;

A recent review of the West Cambria volunteer ambulance service revealed a longer average response time to accident than was reported by a commercial ambulance squad located in East Cambria.  In order to provide better patient care for accident victims and to raise revenue for our town by collecting service fees for ambulance use, we should disband our volunteer service and hire a commercial ambulance service. 

Answer; 

The argument that West Cambria should apply commercial ambulance service as East Cambria does because of quicker response omits several important factors that must be addressed.  Those critical flaws make the argument less convincing.  There are three main points to be tackled with this problem. 

To begin with, the author's conclusion is based on a false assumption that West and East Cambria have similar, or same, geographic and traffic conditions.  Comparison of response time shows that East Cambria has faster action than West Cambria does.  It does not necessarily means West Cambria ambulance service works worse.  For example, if West Cambria is suffered from heavy traffic more frequently than East Cambria, ambulance cars also will be stuck on a street.  Or East Cambria might be a smaller region than West Cambria.  To contrast response time of each, comparison of geographic and traffic conditions must be explained. 

Another issue overlooked by the argument is difference of response time between West Cambria and East Cambria.  The author concludes that West Cambria should follow the way East Cambria does in ambulance service in order to provide faster service.  However, there is no specific data indicating how slow West Cambria moves.  Just difference of a minute or two sometimes is not necessarily criticized.  

Finally, an assumption in the argument that the number of those who call ambulance is going to be stable even if West Cambria starts commercial ambulance service. Generally speaking, medical service including ambulance is so expensive that some families cannot afford at all.  As a result, some patients in those families easily can be fatal or dead with illness or wound that could be treated well if ambulance is affordable.  Commercial ambulance keeps many families away from calling up even when really needed. 

In conclusion, the argument in current form is not well convincing. More information is needed in order to better evaluate the author's claim.  Primarily, geography and traffic of both cities must be analyzed.  Also, difference of response time is needed to show validity to begin commercial ambulance in West Cambria.  Finally, the author must assess whether ambulance service will be unaffordable even if volunteer ambulance service is transformed into commercial one.  Before any conclusion is made, all factors must be carefully evaluated.

Studies suggest that an average coffee drinker’s consumption of coffee increases with age, from age 10 through age 60.

Argument;

Studies suggest that an average coffee drinker’s consumption of coffee increases with age, from age 10 through age 60.  Even after age 60, coffee consumption remains high.  The average cola drinker’s consumption of cola, however, declines with increasing age.  Both of these trends have remained stable for the past 40 yeas.  Given that the number older adults will significantly increase as the population ages over the next 20 years, it follows that the demand for coffee will increase and the demand for cola will decrease during this period.  We should, therefore, consider transferring our investments from Cola Loca to Early Bird Coffee. 

Answer;

The statement that investments on Cola Loca will be flown into Early Bird Coffee because of elderly populated society coming up in the next 20 years omits several important assumptions that must be addressed.  Those critical flaws make the author's conclusion invalid. 

Primarily, the argument is based on false statistical analysis.  The author notes that as people get older, coffee consumption increases.  On the other hand, elder consumers less consume cola.  However, there is nothing defining what proportion of each of who drinks coffee and cola.  For example, it is possible that just 5% of people prefer coffee to cola at the age 20 and 10% of them drink coffee more frequently than cola at the age 60.  Without proportion of each preference, at what age or when cola excesses coffee cannot be specified.  As a result, investors would hesitate make investment on coffee. 

Another assumption ignored by the statement is that population can be varied by many reasons.  Every generation gets older with varied number of population of the same ages.  For example, someone might have one hundred people with the same age at the age 25 but, when 60, the population of same generation could be declined because some of them could have had a fatal illness, which elders are more likely to get, or others could have just moved out to another city.  The older people get, the more they would disappear.  Thus, the idea that consumption of cola will gets over that of coffee in near future as population get older is not convincing.  Even if elder population increase, cola still could keep the most consumption. 

Finally, the author does not take economic situation into account.   These days, coffee beans get more expensive than before.  Many coffee shops put their additional charges on their customers in order to cover higher costs.  However, getting price higher without developing anything can trigger decline of customers.  The fewer customers, the less revenue and profit Early Bird Coffee has.  Investment plunges when a company has smaller profit. 

In conclusion, the argument in current form is not convincing.  In order to better evaluate the author's claim, more information would be needed.  To begin with, more statistical data needs to be provided.  Also, the population of targeted market is crucial to assess break-even point, the significant figure for investors.  Finally, the author must consider that economy and price of commodities fluctuates because any major fluctuation on either of both affect consumption.  Before any conclusion is made, every possibility must be studied.

As overall life expectancy continues to rise, the population of our country is growing increasingly order.

Argument;

As overall life expectancy continues to rise, the population of our country is growing increasingly order.  For example. more than 20 percent of the residents of one of our more populated regions are now at least 65 years old, and occupancy rates at resort hotels in that region declined significantly during the past six months.  Because of these two related trends, a prudent investor would be well advised to sell interest in hotels and invest in hospitals and nursing homes instead. 

Answer; 

The argument that investment in hospitals and nursing facilities are more recommended than hotels due to risen rate of silver citizens omits some important assumptions must be addressed.  There are three points to be discussed. 

To begin with, the number of those who are elder than 65 year old are excess 20 percent of entire population is not enough to advise different investment other than hotels.  Who decides 20 percent shows the country is too old?  For example, if more than 50 percent is younger than 30 years old while more than 20 percent is elder than 65 years old, the country is classified as a young populated nation.  In addition, younger population is usually expected to boost economy as their salary goes up along with their career.  The author must explain about proportion of other generations. 

Another assumption ignored by the statement is forecast of the country.  Is the population over 65 years old still increasing?  What is life expectancy rate at birth?  Those data could help to assess the future situation of the country.  If population more than 65 years old starts going downward, hospitals and nursing houses are going to be less valuable and useful.  Instead, hotels and resort facilities are going to be popular among young families. 

Finally, why usage of the hotels is decreasing is not well specified.  Generally speaking, there are various causes damage reputation of a resort are; for instance, severe weather condition or economic depression.  Moreover, the country could promote its resort area toward the world so more people will be interested in visiting there if the promotion is successful.  Just elderly populated society is not enough to be a cause of less hotel occupation rate. 

In conclusion, the argument in current form is not convincing.  In order to better evaluate the author's claim, more information is needed.  Firstly, readers need to know the proportion of other generations in the country.  Also, forecast of the country must be discussed to assess investment in hotels.  Finally, other possible causes of less hotel occupation at resort area are not well considered.  Before any conclusion is made, the author must evaluate all aspects of the argument.

Many farmers who invested in the equipment needed to make the switch from synthetic to organic fertilizers and pesticides feel that it would be too expensive to resume synthetic farming at this point.

Argument; 

Many farmers who invested in the equipment needed to make the switch from synthetic to organic fertilizers and pesticides feel that it would be too expensive to resume synthetic farming at this point.  But studies of farmers who switched to organic farming last year indicate that their current crop yields are lower.  Hence their purchase of organic farming equipment, a relatively minor investment compared to the losses that would result from continued lower crop yields, cannot justify persisting on an unwise course.  And the choice to farm organically is financially unwise, given that it was motivated by environment rather than economic concerns. 

Answer;  

The argument that organic farming farmers invested in decreases crop yields omits some important concerns that must be addressed in order to assess the validity of this argument. 

Primarily, the author does not specify how much more expensive to purchase organic fertilizers and pesticides than synthetic ones.  According to the argument, going back to synthetic farming costs too much.  If the difference of investment, however, between synthetic and organic pesticides were just a small amount of money, it wouldn't be too expensive.  Without specific figures, readers cannot assess whether the investment is too expensive or not. 

Another factor ignored by the argument is crop yield.  As well as the first issue, the author must clarify how much lower crop yields get since organic farming is applied in order to measure return on investment in switch from synthetic fertilizers.  While the argument says that investment in organic farming is relative minor compared to the losses of crop yields, there is no way to know how much lower crop yields are. 

Also, organic pesticides and fertilizers are pointed as causes of lower yields.  That is not the case.  Various factors fluctuate agricultural harvest; for example, this year when farmers start organic fertilizers might suffer from severe weather such as drought or heavy rain.  Unless other conditions are assessed, it is too early to determine that organic farming triggered lower crop yields. 

Finally, this argument is not convincing because of unclear number of farmers to be assessed.  The author mentions about many farmers who invested in organic farming.  However, specific number of farmers the author asked must be mentioned, otherwise, it is too objective to claim a statement.  Subjective specific numbers must be shown to be convincing as an argument. 

In conclusion, the argument in current form is not convincing.  In order to better evaluate the author's claim, more information is needed.  To begin with, the amount of investment in organic farming must be specified.  Also, the author needs to show how much lower crop yields got compared to synthetic fertilizers and pesticides.  Additionally, other possible factors caused lower crop yields must be considered.  Finally, the condition of this assessment is not clear.  How many farmers are subjected to this research?  Before any conclusion is made, all possibilities must be discussed.

Commuter use of the new subway train is exceeding the transit of the company’s projection.

Argument; 

Commuter use of the new subway train is exceeding the transit of the company’s projection.  However, commuter use of the shuttle buses that transport people to subway stations is below projected volume.  If the transit company expects commuters to ride the shuttle buses to the subway rather than drive there, it must either reduce the shuttle bus fares or increase the price of parking at the subway stations. 

Answer; 

The argument that the bus company needs either cheaper fares for the shuttle bus or more expensive price for parking at the subway stations omits some important concerns that must be addressed in order to assess the validity of this argument. 

Primarily, the author's conclusion does not have enough consideration about punctuality of the bus.  Commuters are usually very careful to be on time because late appearance could lead them to penalty such as deducted payment.  Although the author argues that the shuttle bus should ask smaller fares to customers to reach projected level of transition, no one would take a bus unless it is very punctual.  For example, streets in this city may always suffer from heavy traffic; therefore commuters cannot arrive subway stations on time.  The more assured to be punctual the shuttle buses are to carry commuters to subway trains without delay, the more commuters take a bus.  It is not only a matter of fare or price of parking. 

Another issue ignored by the statement is comfort.  Most commuters want to be relaxed even for a short period of time during their commute.  The shuttle buses might be uncomfortable even just to commute to subway stations from homes.  Who would like to ride an old, dirty, and uncomfortable bus in the morning?  Or drivers driving the shuttles buses might not have a good skill at drive.  Uncomfortable commute consumes energy of workers even in the morning.  Business people would rather save their power with more comfortable transpiration.  

Finally, the author omits location of bus stops and subway stations.  Those who live near a subway station do not take a bus for commute to a station because they could, instead, walk or ride a bicycle.  In fact, many Japanese commuters have a bicycle or walk to a station in order to save transportation fees and even be environment-friendly.  Similarly, those who live far from a bus stop would take another way to get to a station than the shuttle bus, for example, drive or taxi.  Walking a long distance in the morning is hard for some people; therefore, they might take another way to go to a station if the closest bus stop is far enough not to walk. 

In conclusion, the argument in current form is not convincing.  In order to better evaluate the author's claims, more information is needed.  To begin with, timetable of the shuttle bus should be clarified.  Commuters cannot be late at their office.  Whether the shuttle buses run on time is a crucial factor to be chosen as a convenient commute.  Also, comfort of the shuttle buses needs to be considered because everyone wants a comfortable transportation.  Finally, physical availability of the bus is a matter.  Bus stops should be close enough to commuter's home; otherwise, they would drive to a station.  Before any conclusion is made, every factor must be discussed.

As violence in movies increases, so do crime rates in our cities

Argument;

As violence in movies increases, so do crime rates in our cities.  To combat this problem we must establish a board to censor certain movies, or we must limit admission to persons over 21 years of age.  Apparently our legislators are not concerned about this issue since a bill calling for such actions recently failed to receive a majority vote. 

Answer;  

The argument that legislators in the cites are not worried about recent high crime rates possibly due to violent movies omits some important factors that must be addressed in order t assess the validity of this argument. 

Most conspicuously, the author bases the conclusion on that violence in movies triggers more crimes in the cities.  The editorial specifically points out violent movies are causes.  However, there are much more various aspects that increase crimes in cities, for example, economy, quality of police service, and education.  Perhaps, economy has gotten in a depression recently where many citizens lose their job.  Generally speaking, crime rates get higher under severe economy situation because some citizens who lose their job are desperate for their foods, living supplies, and money; therefore, they have more tendencies to commit robbery and theft.  Causes of higher crime rates are not only violent movies but also other aspects of the cities. 

Another issue ignore by the author is statistical inaccuracy.  The argument states that as violence in movies increases, the cities have more crimes.  To support this enough to be convincing, comparison data showing how much violence has been increased from a certain time to present is needed.  It is illogical to claim that there are more violent scenes, possibly triggering more crimes, than before without specific figures.  If crime rates were at the same level as present although there were less violent movies, it is clear that there is no correlation between violent movies and higher crime rates. 

Finally, the author also omits detail of political debate among the vote for a bill to legislate violence in movies.  All bills are discussed very well before votes.  Some politicians might believe that there are other causes of recent higher crime rates.  Others might try to resolve crime issues by economic approach such as more social welfare provided.  The author just states that legislators denied a bill to restrict violence in movies because of no concern. 

In conclusion, the argument in current form is not convincing.  In order to better evaluate the author's claim, more information would be needed.  To begin with, different aspects of cities other than movies must be analyzed.  Furthermore, the author must have clearer subjective statistic data of violence in movies and crime rates.  To consider the number increased or decreased, specific data is always needed.  Finally, debates among legislators also must be considered.  The author cannot determine that a bill was avoided because legislators were not interested in it.  Before any conclusion is made, all factors must be considered.

We have learned from an employee of Windfall, Ltd., that its accounting department, by checking about 10 percent of the last month’s purchasing invoices for errors and inconsistencies, saved the company some $10,000 in overpayments.

Argument: 

We have learned from an employee of Windfall, Ltd., that its accounting department, by checking about 10 percent of the last month’s purchasing invoices for errors and inconsistencies, saved the company some $10,000 in overpayments.  In order to help our clients increase their net gains, we should advise each of them to institute a policy of checking all purchasing invoices for errors.  Such a recommendation could also help us get the Windfall account by demonstrating to Windfall the rigorousness of our methods. 

Answer:

The argument that Windfall Ltd., should advice their clients to review invoices so that more profits will be generated omits some important concerns that must be addressed in order to assess the validity of this argument. 

Most importantly, the author bases his conclusion on the example of Windfall Ltd.  The argument presents a premise that Windfall found out 10% of their invoices had errors that led Windfall to pay additional payments of $10,000.  However, it is doubtful that other companies, including Windfall's accounts, find as much overpayment as Windfall did because most companies have systems to check invoices very carefully.  Rather, some companies could even find out they have paid less than their invoices.  Double-checking of invoices does not assure more profits. 

Another issue ignored by the argument is statistical condition.  Although the author checked 10 percent of invoices at Windfall, there is no clear indication whether it is 10% out of 10 invoices or 100 invoices.  10% of 10 invoices is just one that might have as a big miscalculation as $10,000.  If there is one invoice contains an error, it could be just a mistake.  On contrast, double check will be needed if there are 10% of 100 invoices found out with wrong figures because errors are repeatedly happened.  The author must show clear explanations to make the argument more convincing. 

Finally, the argument does not take disadvantages of double-checking of invoices into account.  Drawing out invoices and re-check all of them take a long time that makes other operations slower and, as a result, more employees would be hired.  Slower process irritates clients and eventually taken away.  The more staffs a company gets hired, the more salaries, of course, have to be paid, which eat up profits.  Lack of explanation about demerits lessens credibility of the argument. 

In conclusion, the argument is not enough convincing in its current form.  In order to better evaluate the author's claim, more information would be needed.  To begin with, the author must evaluate some examples in other companies about accuracy of invoices.  Furthermore, it must be shown under what conditions Windfall checked their invoices.  Finally, the argument must consider disadvantages caused by double-checking such as slower operation and more costs.  Before any conclusion is maid, every possible aspect must be considered.