Over the past decade, the restaurant industry in the country of Spiessa has experienced unprecedented growth.

Argument

Over the past decade, the restaurant industry in the country of Spiessa has experienced unprecedented growth.  This surge can be expected to continue in the coming years, fueld by recent social changes: personal incomes are rising, more leisure time is available, single-person households are more common, and people have a greater interest in gourmet food, as evidenced by a proliferation of publications on the subject. 

Answer

While the author argues that growth of restaurant industry in Spiessa seems to be lasting in next year due to some social changes, some significant factors should be considered are omitted. Since statistical data is unavailable, and social changes mentioned cannot be unconditionally concluded as the industry's expansion, this argument needs to be more sophisticated. 

To begin with, statistical evidence, though the author states that rise of incomes, more leisure time, and the number of households with a single contributes to restaurant growth, is not mentioned.  Without specific data with reasoning of statistical method, it has be doubted its validity.  For example, this argument based on a statistical data may come from a questionnaire applied to only 1% of population in the country, which is really not enough to conclude tendency and trend.  According to the author, personal incomes are rising, people have more leisure time, and living alone is more common but they have to be proven majority of generations in Spiessa has same trend by showing how the author has led out this supporting content. 

Another point to be tackled with is that those social changes cannot always be led to boost the restaurant industry.  More income and more leisure time may make people have more oversea trip, single households may buy more lunch packs at a grocery, or more gourmet publication may be caused by severe competition among magazine companies to get more subscribers from ordinary citizens without any typical hobby.  To connect reasoning of social changes and conclusion of restaurant's increase, the author must analyze what roles each social change takes for more restaurants trend. 

In conclusion, the author's argument misses several significant explanations such as statistical evidence to strengthen social changes mentioned and detail analysis of how each social change works out to restaurant's growth.  If those points are well addressed within the article, the author can be more convincing with his idea.

Neither stronger ethics regulations nor stronger enforcement mechanisms are necessary to ensure ethical behavior by companies doing business with this department.

Argument

Neither stronger ethics regulations nor stronger enforcement mechanisms are necessary to ensure ethical behavior by companies doing business with this department.  We already have a code of ethics that companies doing business with this department are urged to abide by, and virtually all of these companies have agreed to follow it.  We also know that the code is relevant to the current business environment because it was approved within the last year, and in direct response to specific violations committed by companies with which we were then working–not in abstract anticipation of potential violations, as so many such codes are.  

Answer

The author's argument that no stronger regulation and no enforcement are needed to keep companies legal has some critical flaws caused by omitting several important factors.  As following, the argument should include how effective the current code was since last year, what the specific violation that the current regulation referred to is, and what kind of illegal activity is frequently committed.  

To begin with, there is no explanation about how illegal cases are decreased since the current regulation.  According to the author, the current code, which the argument declares effectiveness since its relevance to specific case, was approved within last year to fit modern business environment.  If the code is effective enough to prevent companies from committing violations, there should be some comparison of data showing how environment has been changed before and after the current code.  

Additionally, the author failed to define what case the current code was referred to when it was set force.  The argument mentions that the code was responded to specific violations committed by companies in the past.  However, without knowing what cases or activities were referred to, it is difficult for everyone to determine whether the code is strong enough not to add other ones as the author states.  

Furthermore, those violations frequently committed should be discussed when the code was taken effect even if it was relevant to some specific recent cases because the reference cases cannot be always a benchmark that companies usually or commonly violate.  For example, if the reference cases were complex structure of fraud deals in stock exchange market among security companies and investment banks, no one can be sure that the current code can keep companies away from illegal actions because the reference is very specific and occurred in a specific industry.  

As mentioned above, the argument still omits showing some significant factors to consider such as comparison of business environment before and after the current code, specific cases that the code referred to, and frequent and common cases that companies have committed.  Being convincing requires to address all possible aspects that the argument could reach to.